Sector

Fishery

Indonesia, boasting the title of the world’s largest archipelagic country with a vast sea area of 5.8 million square kilometers, stands as one of the largest producers and suppliers in the global fisheries market. The abundance of sea area provides Indonesia with a wealth of fisheries products, making fisheries a national leading sector in the country.

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Fishery

Indonesia, boasting the title of the world’s largest archipelagic country with a vast sea area of 5.8 million square kilometers, stands as one of the largest producers and suppliers in the global fisheries market. The abundance of sea area provides Indonesia with a wealth of fisheries products, making fisheries a national leading sector in the country.

There are 23 regions where fisheries stand out as a leading sector, supporting local economies and providing food security. These regions encompass Aceh, Bengkulu, Riau, Lampung, South Sumatra, Central Java, Bali, West Nusa Tenggara, East Nusa Tenggara, Central Kalimantan, South Kalimantan and North Kalimantan. Other regions include Central Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, North Sulawesi, Gorontalo, Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, West Papua, and Bangka Belitung.

In 2022, Indonesia’s fisheries sector contributed a total of Rp505 trillion to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). Building this strong foundation, the country set an ambitious target of reaching US$7.2 billion in fishery exports by the end of 2023. Previously, total fishery product exports had hovered around US$5 billion to US$6 billion.

Supporting the sector’s contribution to the country’s GDP is its production. Throughout the third quarter of 2023, Indonesia’s fisheries production totaled 24.74 million tons. This figure includes both capture fisheries and aquaculture. In aquaculture, the main commodities are seaweed cultivation and shrimp cultivation, while in capture fisheries, the main commodities are tuna, skipjack tuna, and mackerel tuna.

Furthermore, Indonesia’s fisheries sector is experiencing a surge in investment. By the third quarter of 2023, the sector had attracted a total of Rp9.56 trillion in investment, with significant contributions from a mix of domestic sources at Rp5.32 trillion, foreign investors at Rp1.4 trillion, and credit sources at Rp2.84 trillion. Notably, China is the largest foreign investor, contributing Rp370.74 billion, followed by Malaysia with Rp240.4 billion, and Switzerland with Rp152.89 billion, highlighting the increasing international interest in Indonesia’s fisheries potential.

While Indonesia boasts impressive fisheries production and growing investments in its fisheries sector, it is vital to uphold fisheries regulations. These regulations ensure that this valuable sector thrives alongside healthy marine ecosystems. It is reported that Indonesia is scheduled to enforce a new fisheries policy in 2025, which will see quotas assigned to industrial, local, and non-commercial fishers across six designated fishing zones, covering all 11 fisheries management areas (FMAs) in Indonesia. The new quota system responds to a worrying rise in overexploited FMAs, which have increased to 53 percent from 44 percent in 2017.

Latest News

October 9, 2025

Public demand for police reform necessitates the replacement of National Police chief Gen. Listyo Sigit Prabowo, who bears ultimate responsibility for the recent wave of bloody demonstrations. Otherwise, it would be yet another example of institutional failure, with the police under Listyo’s leadership remaining entangled in serious abuses of power, a lack of accountability and persistent public distrust.

Listyo previously served as the head of the Criminal Investigation Agency (Bareskrim) and was inaugurated by then-president Joko ‘’Jokowi’’ Widodo as the National Police chief on Jan. 27, 2021, becoming the longest-serving police chief in years.

During his tenure, the police force under Listyo has faced several high-profile cases that caused widespread public anger. These controversies included the recent wave of demonstrations, the Kanjuruhan Stadium tragedy in Malang, East Java, on Oct. 1, 2022, and an online gambling scandal allegedly backed by police officers. The latter also involved police general, Ferdy Sambo, who last served as head of the Professional and Security Division (Propam), notorious for his role in the murder of his aide-de-camp, Nofriansyah Yosua Hutabarat.

Despite these serious controversies, Listyo’s position has remained politically secure. He is viewed as instrumental in safeguarding the political status quo during last year’s presidential election. His lengthy tenure reflects Jokowi’s strategy to ensure the National Police remain under his influence even after leaving office in 2024, despite President Prabowo Subianto’s prerogative to replace Listyo at any time.

However, any decision by President Prabowo to remove Listyo would be perceived by the public as a move to distance himself from Jokowi’s camp, which played a significant role in securing his electoral victory. Prabowo would prefer to avoid such a step in the interest of maintaining political stability, even though Jokowi holds no direct control over a political party.

Deputy State Secretary Bambang Eko Suhariyanto emphasized the central role of the Police Reform Committee, a body the President was expected to announce soon after returning from his recent overseas trip, but which has yet to materialize despite his return.

This ad-hoc committee will consist of seven to nine members, one of whom is expected to be former coordinating political, legal and security affairs minister Mahfud MD. Although it has not yet been formally established, Bambang noted that coordination between the committee and the National Police’s internal reform team is already underway.

On the other hand, Listyo appears determined to hold onto his position as a way of “saving” the police institution in its current state of crisis. He appears to be attempting a restructuring of the police force by replacing the head of the Intelligence and Security Agency (Kabaintelkam) and the commander of the Mobile Brigade Corps (Brimob), two units widely regarded as responsible for the unrest and casualties during the recent demonstrations.

However, these changes were also necessary since the previous officials had reached retirement age. Beyond ensuring his full control over these two strategic units, the reshuffle is also seen by some as a power-consolidation maneuver by Listyo.

Furthermore, on Sept. 17 Listyo established the Police Reform Transformation Team, chaired by Police Education and Training Institute chief Comr. Gen. Chryshnanda Dwilaksana. The team consists of 52 officers, 47 senior officers and five mid-ranking officers.

Deputy House of Representatives Speaker Sufmi Dasco Ahmad said this internal police team was formed to prepare data required for the broader police reform agenda initiated by the President. He emphasized that there was no conflict between the two reform teams.

Nevertheless, skepticism has emerged. The chairman of the Indonesian Legal Aid Foundation (YLBHI), Muhamad Isnur, questioned the credibility of the current reform teams, whether formed by the police or by the President. According to him, the involvement of individuals closely tied to the police would not bring about fundamental change within the institution.

Such skepticism is understandable, given that the recommendations of the Joint Fact-Finding Team (TGPF) for the Kanjuruhan tragedy have yet to be fully implemented by the police, particularly with respect to transparency and thorough investigations into all those responsible.

Indeed, police reform has proven extremely difficult to realize. Even during the early Reform era, when the People’s Consultative Assembly Decree No. VII/2000 mandated that police officers retire or change status if they wished to serve outside the police force, the reality today shows otherwise, according to former chief of the Indonesian Military’s intelligence agency, Soleman B. Ponto. According to him, there are currently 4,351 active police officers serving outside the formal police structure.

It is therefore unsurprising that within the first 100 days of President Prabowo’s administration, the National Police ranked as the least trusted law enforcement institution, with a public trust level of just 71 percent, significantly behind the Attorney General’s Office (77 percent), the courts (73 percent) and the Corruption Eradication Commission (72 percent).

This data starkly illustrates the depth of public mistrust and makes the case for a change of guard even more pressing.

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