Province

North Maluku

Maluku – North Maluku

Covering an area of 31,982 square kilometers, and home to a population of 1.3 million people, North Maluku is a province in eastern Indonesia surrounded by seas. To the east is the Halmahera Sea, the Maluku Sea lies to the west, the Pacific Ocean stretches to the north, and the Seram Sea borders to the south. The province is divided into eight districts and two cities.

Historically, North Maluku was formally established on October 4, 1999, through Law No. 46/1999. Previously, the province functioned as a district within Maluku province, adjoining Central Halmahera. At the time of its establishment, Ternate was designated as the provincial capital. This arrangement persisted for 11 years until 2010 when the capital city was relocated to Sofifi, situated on the mainland of Halmahera, the largest island in the Maluku Islands.

The people of North Maluku represent a diverse group with a rich history and culture. The province is home to a range of ethnic groups, each with its own unique culture and language. Among them are the Madole, Pagu, Ternate, and West Makian people.

In terms of religion, Islam dominates North Maluku’s religious landscape, with 74.7 percent of the population adhering to it, followed by a significant Christian population of 24.74 percent. Other religions collectively make up less than 1 percent of the population.

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Economic Description

North Maluku boasts a robust economy, having acquired Rp 48 trillion in Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) as of 2023. The top three contributing sectors are the processing industry, mining, and agriculture. The processing industry leads with Rp 14 trillion, followed by the mining sector at Rp 9 trillion, and the agriculture sector at Rp 4 trillion.

Within the processing industry, the base metal subsector contributes the most with Rp 13 trillion, almost over 90 percent of the entire industry. As of 2023, the processing industry witnessed a 48.12 percent year-on-year increase.

Regarding the mining sector, North Maluku is one of the provinces known for its downstream mineral resources. One mineral resource, nickel, has shown substantial positive effects in terms of its downstream development in the country. With North Maluku’s mining sector ranking among the top contributors to its GRDP, total investments in the province reached US$ 9.8 billion by 2022, with the majority directed towards this sector.

Furthermore, North Maluku’s agricultural sector mainly produces coconuts, cloves, nutmegs, cassava, sweet potatoes, cayenne, and plantains. Out of these commodities, coconuts account for over 60 percent of the total output. As of 2022, approximately 13,525 hectares of land were available for agricultural investment.

Given the vast and diverse sectors in North Maluku, numerous investment potentials abound in the province, ranging from the smelter nickel sulfate sector to resorts in the tourism sector. Additionally, North Maluku is home to a special economic zone (SEZ) on Morotai Island, strategically positioned in the outer zone of the eastern sea.

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Latest News

March 24, 2025

The Tidore Islands City Government plans to continue developing the local coconut oil manufacturing managed by the Sohi Coconut small and medium enterprise (SME) in Akelamo Village, Central Oba District, Tidore Islands City, North Maluku Province. The SME's commodity is expected to be more widely known in North Maluku as an alternative to local oil palm-based cooking oil.

Tidore Islands Mayor Muhammad Sinen explained that coconut oil production is currently  still very limited because the managers of the Sohi Coconut Oil SME still need market support to develop their product.

"Our goal is [for the Sohi Coconut Oil SME] to stimulate the economy of the [local] community with the local government's supprt through coconut oil and charcoal briquette production. We hope that all heads of villages and subdistricts can empower their village-owned enterprises to cooperate with the SME so that the coconuts harvested by said enterprise and managed by the IKM itself," said Sinen when visiting the Sohi Coconut Oil SME with the Tidore Islands City Creative Economy Movement Chair as well as Tidore Islands House of Representatives (DPRD) Nurul Asnawia, on Mar. 23, 2025.

She added that after the first visit to the coconut oil processing industry that went viral on social media, many interested people asked about the coconut oil. Therefore, the Tidore Islands City Government will work seriously to provide a market space for coconut oil to be produced more and marketed with Tidore Islands City and in North Maluku in general.

"Once coconut oil manufacturing gets bigger, then I [will] request the people of Tidore Islands City to no longer consume cooking oil made from outside the region. Instead, they should enjoy Tidore's coconut oil as its own products," he said.

"When the production of coconut oil increases, I ask shops, small kiosks, even Indomaret in the Tidore City area to no longer accept processed cooking oil from outside the region. Because anyone who wants to cooperate or invest in Tidore, processed products from Tidore must be the main priority to sell," he added.

Meanwhile, Sohi Coconut SME Manager Abd Rahim Saraha said that the production of coconut oil and charcoal briquettes is currently still very limited because they are still in the process of finding the right market to promote their products.

"Alhamdulillah, we hope that the [Sohi Coconut SME] can work with the Tidore Islands City Government together in marketing and production. The more production, the more workers are needed, which will raise job opportunities for the people of Tidore Islands City in particular and North Maluku in general," said Abd Rahim.

He also hopes that the Tidore Islands City Government will continue to pay attention to developments in the coconut oil industry.

"In addition to creating jobs, coconut oil manufacturing could also be a a profitable alternative for coconut farmers who are [otherwise] constrained by fluctuations in coconut copra prices, such a copra farmers in Central Oba [District, North Maluku]," Abd Rahim elaborated.

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