Province

Central Java

Central Java

Covering a total area of 34,337 square kilometers in the middle of the island of Java, Central Java is a province comprising 29 regencies and six municipalities, including Magelang, Surakarta, Salatiga, Semarang, Pekalongan, and Tegal, with Semarang serving as Central Java’s administrative capital. The province also encompasses the Special Region of Yogyakarta, which remains under its jurisdiction.

As of 2023, Central Java has a total population of 37.5 million people with a population density of 200 people per square kilometer, according to data from the Central Java Central Statistics Agency (BPS). Out of this population, the majority adhere to Islam with/ Oftentimes, those who adhere to Islam are classified into two groups: the Santri, who strictly adhere to Islamic teachings and Sharia law, and the Abangan, who identify as Muslims but retain strong influences from Javanese spiritual beliefs, known as Kejawen, in their customs and practices. Other religions practiced in the province include Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Khonghucu, and indigenous belief systems. Cities such as Semarang, Magelang, Surakarta, and Salatiga boast Christian populations.

In Central Java, the predominant ethnic group is the Javanese, making the province a renowned cultural epicenter of Java, with Surakarta hosting the royal palace of Java. A notable minority population consisting of the Chinese community has seamlessly integrated with the Javanese, with many conversing in Javanese with distinct accents in their daily interactions. This palpable influence is especially evident in cities such as Semarang and Lasem, the latter often referred to as the Le Petit Chinois or Little China Town, situated in the northeastern corner of Central Java. Other notable ethnic groups residing in Central Java are the Sundanese, Batak, Madura, Lampung, Betawi, Malay, Minangkabau, and other ethnic groups.

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Central Java’s economy

Central Java's economy, with a Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) totaling Rp 1.102 trillion in 2023, thrives on diverse sectors. Among the leading contributors are the manufacturing industry sector, having contributed Rp 361 trillion, the construction sector with Rp 115 trillion, and the wholesale retail and trade sector – including automotive and motorcycle repair – with Rp 161 trillion in contributions to the province’s GRDP.

The Indonesian government is also developing a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in the region of Kendal. The Kendal SEZ specializes in export-oriented industries, import substitution, high-tech products (HTP), and specialized applications supporting Industry 4.0 and Industry 4.0-based logistics. With projections indicating an investment potential of Rp 72 trillion and the creation of 20,000 job opportunities by 2025, the Kendal SEZ stands as a promising investment destination.

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Latest News

March 22, 2025

Thousands of people consisting of the sentono dalem (nobility of royal lineage) and abdi dalem (royal household employees) of the Surakarta Sunanate as well as the local community participated in the the Selikuran Night Ting Parade held by the Surakarta Sunanate on Mar. 20, 2025 to commemorate the 21st day of Ramadan.

The parade started at around 20.00 Western Indonesia Time (WIB) after the salat tarawih prayer was finished. Participants walked from Kori Kamandungan, the front part of the Surakarta Sunanate Palace complex, along Slamet Riyadi Road to Sriwedari Park about 3 kilometers away.

In front of of the parade is the parade drumline trailed by palace troops. Just behind them was SISKS Pakubuwana XIII, the Sunan of Surakarta, with his queen-consort GKR Pakubuwana in a car alongside the parade. After them are the abdi dalem carrying ting, the parade's characteristic lanterns.

Following the abdi dalem were several horse-drawn carriages ridden by sentono dalem, who were followed by abdi dalem carrying several jodang (wooden chests with openings allowing them to be carried by bamboo poles) containing tumpeng sewu (one thousand tumpeng, cone-shaped Javanese rice dish). Trailing them is a group of residents carrying oncor (bamboo torches) and tambourines.

Pengageng Sasana Wilapa Keraton Surakarta Hadiningrat KPA Dany Nur Adiningrat said that the Selikuran Night Ting Parade is one of the traditional ceremonies that combines cultural and religious traditions, in this case Islam.

"Like in previous years during the month of Ramadan, Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat holds the Selikuran Night event for the Je 1958 year [of the Javanese calendar] on the command Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuhun Kanjeng Susuhunan (SIKS) Pakubuwana XIII," he explained.

KPA Dany elaborated the selikuran night is a reminder for Muslims that Ramadan is entering its final ten nights, one of which includes the Laylat al-Qadr that Muslims believe to be when the Qur'an was first revealed to the Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). It is also known as the Night of 1,000 Months, as the rewards for acts of worship done in that night equals that of 1,000 months.

"This series of ceremonies proceeds from Keraton Kasunanan Surakarta Hadiningrat to the Kagungan Dalem Bon Raja Sriwedari. The procession will include abdi dalem carrying tumpeng sewu, which signifies the Night of 1,000 Months, and [carrying] ting which symbolizes the light of said night. Therefore, this is a religious ceremony with cultural elements to remind that Laylat al-Qadr at the nights of off dates [among the last 10 days of Ramadan]," he said.

After arriving at Sriwedari Park, the Selikuran Night Ting Parade procession group was welcomed by Surakarta Mayor Respati Ardi. Then the tumpeng sewu was distributed and ritually fought over by residents who had been waiting for them. The event was continued with a religious study led by K.H. Ahmad "Gus" Muwafiq, head of the Minggir Islamic Boarding School.

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