Province

Central Java

Central Java

Covering a total area of 34,337 square kilometers in the middle of the island of Java, Central Java is a province comprising 29 regencies and six municipalities, including Magelang, Surakarta, Salatiga, Semarang, Pekalongan, and Tegal, with Semarang serving as Central Java’s administrative capital. The province also encompasses the Special Region of Yogyakarta, which remains under its jurisdiction.

As of 2023, Central Java has a total population of 37.5 million people with a population density of 200 people per square kilometer, according to data from the Central Java Central Statistics Agency (BPS). Out of this population, the majority adhere to Islam with/ Oftentimes, those who adhere to Islam are classified into two groups: the Santri, who strictly adhere to Islamic teachings and Sharia law, and the Abangan, who identify as Muslims but retain strong influences from Javanese spiritual beliefs, known as Kejawen, in their customs and practices. Other religions practiced in the province include Christianity, Catholicism, Hinduism, Buddhism, Khonghucu, and indigenous belief systems. Cities such as Semarang, Magelang, Surakarta, and Salatiga boast Christian populations.

In Central Java, the predominant ethnic group is the Javanese, making the province a renowned cultural epicenter of Java, with Surakarta hosting the royal palace of Java. A notable minority population consisting of the Chinese community has seamlessly integrated with the Javanese, with many conversing in Javanese with distinct accents in their daily interactions. This palpable influence is especially evident in cities such as Semarang and Lasem, the latter often referred to as the Le Petit Chinois or Little China Town, situated in the northeastern corner of Central Java. Other notable ethnic groups residing in Central Java are the Sundanese, Batak, Madura, Lampung, Betawi, Malay, Minangkabau, and other ethnic groups.

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Central Java’s economy

Central Java's economy, with a Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) totaling Rp 1.102 trillion in 2023, thrives on diverse sectors. Among the leading contributors are the manufacturing industry sector, having contributed Rp 361 trillion, the construction sector with Rp 115 trillion, and the wholesale retail and trade sector – including automotive and motorcycle repair – with Rp 161 trillion in contributions to the province’s GRDP.

The Indonesian government is also developing a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in the region of Kendal. The Kendal SEZ specializes in export-oriented industries, import substitution, high-tech products (HTP), and specialized applications supporting Industry 4.0 and Industry 4.0-based logistics. With projections indicating an investment potential of Rp 72 trillion and the creation of 20,000 job opportunities by 2025, the Kendal SEZ stands as a promising investment destination.

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Latest News

August 12, 2025

The Surakarta City Government held the Solo Keroncong Festival (SKF) 2025 at Fort Vastenburg in Surakarta City, Central Java Province in July 25-26, 2025.

The festival featured performances by renowned keroncong musicians such as Waldjinah, Endah Laras, Mus Mujiono, Didiek SSS, Elisha Orcarus Allasso, Niken Salindri, and others. Furthermore, various keroncong communities from within and outside the country will also participate.

"Their presence makes this event an inclusive and international cultural gathering," SKF 2025 Curator Erie Setiawan stated.

Erie said that this year's SKF has 'Keroncong Heritage: Digging for Heritage in Music' as its artistic concept, which is the bases for both the event's 'Keroncong Unlimited' theme and 'Hangudi Kuncaraning Keroncong' tagline.

"With this concept, this year's SKF is able to unite the diversity and preservation of keroncong music in synergy with Solo's tangible cultural heritage, thus impacting culture, tourism, and education," Erie told Tempo on July 24, 2025.

He explained that the artistic concept of 'Keroncong Heritage' was chosen to explore the diversity of historical sites, artifacts, and monuments in Solo as artistic opportunities, alongside being locations for various activities for the sites and monuments..

"This concept is expected to not only enrich the festival experience but also have a positive and strategic impact on the community and government by increasing tourism and educational value," he said.

SKF 2025 was also enlivened by exciting pre-events, such as the Road to Solo Keroncong Festival on June 20, 2025 at Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Solo.

It was followed by similar events at the Twindu Market of the Solo Night Market on July 11, 2025, and at Lokananta Bloc on July 14, 2025. A Keroncong Singing Competition was also be held at Solo Paragon Mall on July 18, 2025.

"SKF 2025 is a platform for expression, education, and collaboration across sectors—from culture and tourism to the creative economy—aimed at fostering a new generation of keroncong musicians," he said.

SKF was first held in 2009. At that time, Solo was declared a Keroncong City during the Joko "Jokowi" Widodo administration. The festival has consistently become an annual national event.

The consistency has led to SKF's inclusion in the Tourism Ministry's Karisma Event Nusantara (KEN) calendar of cultural festivals for for four consecutive years from 2022 to 2025.

SKF 2025 is expected to be a crucial platform for helping the public comprehend the dynamics of the latest keroncong music scene and reaffirming Solo's position as the center of keroncong development in Indonesia.

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